Imagine a world where spiritual practices are performed not for show, but for genuine connection. In a time when religious leaders often prioritized appearances over authenticity, Jesus offered a radical perspective on fasting. “When you fast, do not look gloomy like the hypocrites,” He taught, challenging the norms of His day. But what did Jesus really say about fasting, and how does it apply to modern life? Fasting, the voluntary act of abstaining from food or other comforts, threads through the Bible as a tool for spiritual growth. Yet Jesus’ teachings on the subject cut through ritualistic traditions, emphasizing heart posture over outward displays. Let’s explore His words and uncover timeless wisdom for today.
Fasting Is Personal, Not Performative
Jesus’ most direct teaching on fasting comes from His Sermon on the Mount: “When you fast, do not look somber like the hypocrites. They disfigure their faces to show others they are fasting”. Here, He critiques those who turn fasting into a public spectacle. Instead, He urges secrecy: “Put oil on your head and wash your face, so that it will not be obvious to others that you are fasting, but only to your Father, who is unseen”.
This isn’t about hiding the act itself but guarding the motive. Fasting, in Jesus’ view, is a private conversation with God, not a badge of piety. As one writer notes, “Fasting is to be done in a spirit of humility and a joyful attitude”. The goal isn’t to impress others but to draw closer to the Father.
“When You Fast” — Not “If”
Notice Jesus’ phrasing: When you fast, not if. This subtle shift implies expectation. “It may not exactly be a command, but an assumption,” explains a modern Christian guide. Fasting wasn’t optional for Jesus’ followers; it was a natural part of spiritual life.
This aligns with His own example. After His baptism, Jesus spent 40 days fasting in the wilderness, preparing for His mission. The Gospels highlight this as a pivotal moment of spiritual clarity and strength. If even the Son of God fasted to align His heart with the Father’s will, how much more might it benefit His followers?
The Purpose of Fasting: More Than Self-Denial
Fasting isn’t about punishment. Jesus linked it to joy and purpose. In Mark 2:18-22, His disciples are questioned for not fasting like others. Jesus responds with a metaphor: “How can the guests of the bridegroom fast while He is with them?”. The implication? Fasting gains meaning in His absence.
After His resurrection, Jesus’ followers would fast to sustain their reliance on God. As one pastor writes, “Fasting brings you closer to God and empowers your mission”. It’s a way to recalibrate priorities, shedding distractions to focus on what matters most.
Fasting as a Tool for Spiritual Breakthrough
The early church understood fasting’s power. In Acts, believers fasted before major decisions, like appointing leaders or launching missions (Acts 13:2-3). Jesus’ 40-day fast modeled this: It prepared Him to resist temptation and launch His ministry.
But fasting isn’t magic. It’s a discipline that “subdues and controls the body,” as one theologian puts it. When paired with prayer, it becomes a catalyst for breakthroughs—whether overcoming sin, seeking guidance, or interceding for others.
While Jesus emphasized personal fasting, He didn’t dismiss communal practice. The Bible records entire communities fasting together (2 Chronicles 20:3; Esther 4:16). A modern church blog encourages, “Fasting together this Lent… is one of the most vital, meaningful, and powerful ways to connect with God”.
Yet even in groups, the focus remains inward. A shared fast isn’t about uniformity but unity in seeking God. As Jesus taught, the reward comes “in secret” between the individual and God.
Applying Jesus’ Teachings Today
How might we practice fasting in a way that honors Jesus’ words?
- Start small : Skip a meal, and use that time to pray or read Scripture.
- Guard your heart: Avoid complaining or drawing attention to your fast.
- Align with others: Join a church or group fast, like Lent, to stay accountable.
- Focus on purpose : Ask, Why am I fasting? Is it to grow closer to God, seek clarity, or support a cause?
FAQs
Does Jesus command us to fast?
No, Jesus didn’t directly command fasting. He taught how to do it with sincerity, not as a requirement.
How long did Jesus say to fast?
Jesus didn’t set a specific time. He fasted 40 days himself but focused on the intent, not the duration.
Did Jesus drink water while fasting?
The Bible doesn’t say if Jesus drank water during his 40-day fast. Fasting typically means no food, but water is often allowed.
Did Jesus sleep during fasting?
The Bible doesn’t mention it, but it’s likely he slept, as sleep is a basic human need even during a fast.